A Descriptive Study to Assess the Job Preference and Attitude Level
among Nursing Students in SGRR College of Nursing, Patel Nagar, Dehradun,
India.
Deepti Kukreti1[*]; Dineshwari
Chanupaonam2 ; Rebecca Priti3 and Shivani Masih4
1Assistant. Professor, Department of Obstetrics
and Gynaecology) SGRR College of Nursing, Dehradun
2Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics
and Gynaecology) SGRR College of Nursing, Dehradun
3Professor, Department of Obstetrics and
Gynaecology) SGRR College of Nursing, Dehradun
4Nursing Tutor, Department of Obstetrics and
Gynaecology) SGRR College of Nursing, Dehradun
ARTICLE DETAILS ABSTRACT
1. Introduction
One of the
most pleasurable arts, which need amalgamation of knowledge, skills and values can be considered as Nursing. Nowadays, an
individual has number of crafts, fields and occupations to choose from, but
choosing an occupation out of one’s vocational interest doesn’t ages, families,
groups and communities, sick or well and in all settings. Nursing includes
promotion of health, prevention of illness and care of ill, disabled and dying
people. Nursing is the protection, promotion and optimization of health and
abilities: prevention of illness and injury; alleviation of suffering through
the diagnosis and treatment of human responses and advocacy in health care for
individuals, families, communities and population.1
The history and philosophy of Nursing came out with Ms. Florence
Nightingale, a lady with a lamp who a properly-educated girl from an
affluent magnificence family became a nurse. In nineteenth century, she
improved status in nursing and presumed a respectable career inside the
society. At that time, nursing as employment, never needed looks or
intelligence. In that short time, enormously nursing has grown in understanding
human resources, talent, prestige, and work culture & freedom. Nursing
wishes to be recognized as a member of the scientific subject which could make
treasured contributions to health.
Nurses are health professionals who are the corner stone of the health
care system in each country. Nursing
education occurs in four main arenas viz.
classrooms, workshops/seminars, skills laboratories
and clinical areas where a nurse attains proper competency. Preceptor-ship
assists nursing students to incorporate theory into practice, integrates
students into the practice setting within the organization, allows the student
to apply learning and internalize the role and values of the profession within
a nurturing and supportive relationship, and assists in recruiting nursing
students into the professionals.2
The definition of "Nurse" can be understood as someone who
cultivates and harbours certain traits of a person, generally women deployed as
the curator and caretaker of the ill. I Nursing
profession is a respectable occupation where one toils day and night for the
common people which existed as a crude form in the times of Florence
Nightingale.1
In India entry level courses in nursing are Auxiliary Nurse and Midwife
(ANM), General Nursing and Midwifery (GNM) and Bachelor of Science in Nursing
(B. Sc. Nursing). Opportunities are also available for higher education after
basic nursing education and most of the B. Sc. Or M. Sc. Qualified nurses
choose their carrier as a teacher in college of nursing as it provides them
some autonomous in their work, increased job satisfaction, higher professional
recognition and better salary. Besides teaching in college of nursing other job
opportunities available for nurses are bed nursing care in the hospital,
community or public health nurse, and nursing administration. For Indian nurses
there are bright job prospects in foreign countries like USA, Australia, Canada
and UK where they can enjoy a relatively good status of the profession.3
1.1 Objectives
1. To assess the attitude of nursing students towards the nursing
profession.
2. To identify the job preference of 2nd semester BSc nursing
students.
1.2 Research Hypothesis
There is significant association between the attitude of the students
regarding job preference and attitude level with their selected demographic
variables.
2.
Materials
and methods
2.1
Study
area
The study was conducted in Shri Guru
Ram Rai Nursing College, Dehradun and from principals for data collection.
2.2
Sampling
Population and size
The population for the study consisted of
students BSc nursing 2nd semester at selected areas of Dehradun and
the sample size was 50 students.
2.3
Sampling
Methodology
The sampling techniques used to recruit
participants in this study were consecutive sampling techniques.
2.4 Data Analysis
The structured questionnaire for assessment of level of job preference
and attitude level among nursing students of SGRR college of nursing Dehradun,
Uttarakhand consists of two demographic profile of the students which was used
to collect data regarding demographic profile of the participants and
self-Structured attitude questionnaire used to assess the job preference and
attitude level among nursing students. Questionnaire consists of 20 questions
of job preference and attitude level. The content validity of the tool is paper
questionnaire was obtained by giving it to the expert along with the validation
criteria checklist. The expert was requested to give their opinions and
suggestions regarding the appropriateness and relevance of the items. The
reliability of the tools was administered to 20 students. The reliability was
obtained by test-retest method by computing the coefficient, which was found to
be reliable. The plan for data analysis includes both descriptive and
inferential statistics. The analysis was planned to be made on the basis of
objectives and hypotheses. Frequency and percentage
distribution of college student according to their selected demographic
variables.
3.
Results
The collected data were
edited, tabulated, analyzed and interpreted using descriptive statics. The
collected data are represented under the following section based on objectives
of the study-
3.1 Section
-1:
3.1.1 Frequency And Percentage Distribution of
Demographic Variables:
Table 1: Frequency and percentage of Basic BSc Nursing 2nd
semester students according to their demographic characteristics of sample. N=50.
|
S.no. |
Demographic variables |
Frequency
(f) |
Percentage
(%) |
|
||
|
1- |
GEOGRAPHIC
REGION |
|
||||
|
|
(a)North
India |
43 |
86% |
|
||
|
(b)South
India |
2 |
4% |
|
|||
|
(c)West
India |
4 |
8% |
|
|||
|
(d)East
India |
1 |
2% |
|
|||
|
2- |
AGE (in years) |
|
||||
|
|
16-18 years |
12 |
24% |
|
||
|
19-21 years |
37 |
74% |
|
|||
|
22-24 years |
1 |
2% |
|
|||
|
25 above |
0 |
0% |
|
|||
|
3- |
SEX |
|
||||
|
|
(a)Male (b)Female |
9 41 |
18% 82% |
|
||
|
4- |
RELIGION |
|
||||
|
|
(a)Hindu |
44 |
88% |
|
||
|
(b)Christian |
1 |
2% |
|
|||
|
(c)Sikh |
1 |
2% |
|
|||
|
(d)Muslim |
4 |
8% |
|
|||
|
5- |
TYPE OF FAMILY |
|
||||
|
|
(a)Nuclear |
35 |
70% |
|
||
|
(b)Joint |
12 |
24% |
|
|||
|
(c)Extended |
3 |
6% |
|
|||
|
(d)Separate |
0 |
0% |
|
|||
|
6- |
OCCUPATION
OF PARENTS |
|
||||
|
|
(a)Government
job |
22 |
44% |
|
||
|
(b)Private
job |
20 |
40% |
|
|||
|
(c)Self
employed |
8 |
16% |
|
|||
|
(d)Unemployed |
0 |
0% |
|
|||
|
7- |
INCOME
PER MONTH |
|
||||
|
|
(a)<10000 |
10 |
20% |
|
||
|
11000-20000 |
15 |
30% |
|
|||
|
21000-30000 |
17 |
34% |
|
|||
|
(d)>30000 |
8 |
16% |
|
|||
|
8- |
SIBLINGS |
|
||||
|
|
(a)Yes |
46 |
92% |
|
||
|
(b)No |
4 |
8% |
|
|||
|
9- |
ANY
FAMILY MEMBER IN NURSING |
|
||||
|
|
(a)Yes |
9 |
18% |
|
||
|
(b)No |
41 |
82% |
|
|||
|
10- |
WAS
NURSING FIRST CHOICE AFTER 12th |
|||||
|
|
(a)Yes
(b)MBBS (c)BSc (d)Others
(specify) |
23 11 6 10 |
46% 22% 12% 20% |
|||
3.1.2 Percentage Wise Distribution Of
Overall Attitude Of Students Of Basic B.Sc Nursing 2ndsemester.
Table:
2 Frequency and percentage Distribution of level of Attitude Regarding
Nursing profession
|
Attitude |
Range of score |
Frequency |
Percentage |
|
Unfavorable |
Below 10 |
28 |
56% |
|
Moderately Favorable |
10-18 |
11 |
22% |
|
Favorable |
Above 18 |
11 |
22% |
4. Discussion
4.1 Section 1:
The findings of the present study shows that the demographic
data details according to their geographic region shows that 86% of the
students belongs to the geographic region of North India, 8% to the west India,
4% belongs to the South India and 2% belongs to the East India. The findings of
the study that 74% of the students were in the age group of 19-21 years, 24%
were in the age group of 16-18 years and 2% were in the age group of 22-24
years. The findings of the study shows that 82% of students are female in the
batch and 18% students are male. The findings of the study
that 88% students are Hindu, 8% students are Christian, 2% students are Sikh,
and 2% students are Muslim. The findings of the study shows that 70% of
students are belongs to the Nuclear family, 24% students are belonging to the
Joint family and 6% of students are belongs to the Extended family. The finding
of the study shows that 44% of the parents in Government job, 40% of parents
are in Private job and 16% of parents are
self-employed. The findings of the study shows that 34% students belong to
family income of Rs 21000-30000, 30% of students belongs to family income of Rs
11000-20000, 20% students belong to the family income of Rs <10000 and 16%
students belongs to the family income of above Rs >30000. The finding of the
study shows that 92% students have siblings and 8% students does not have
siblings. The findings of the study show that 82% of student’s family member is
not in Nursing and 18% students family member are in Nursing. The findings of
the study shows that 46% of the students first choice is Nursing after 12th,
22% of students first choice is MBBS after 12th, 20% of students
first choice is in others course after 12th and 12% of students
first choice is BSc. Nursing after 12th.
Similarly, Poreddi Vijayalakshmi et.al was conducted a cross sectional
study to assess the attitudes and perceptions of nursing professionals and
their desired future practices. The study was conducted using a modified
version of Beliefs, Attitudes and Perceived Practice questionnaire among 129
students who were undergoing undergraduate nursing programme at a selected
college of nursing in Bangalore. Data was analysed and interpreted by using
descriptive and inferential statistics. Forty-four (34.1%) of the subjects
agreed that they were enrolled of their own interest; 43 (33.3% of them
reported that they enrolled in nursing out of their own interest and also to
improve their financial situations. Only 4 (3.1%) stated that they have to
protect the rights and dignity of the patients. 45 (34.9% of the subjects
indicated that the nurse-patient relationship should be both professional and a
relation of sympathy. Upon graduation 69 33 5901 of the subjects preferred to
pursue the nursing career, 36 (27.9%) in academics, 12 (9.30%) wanted to change
the profession. Nearly 63 (48.8% of the subjects agreed that social prejudice
has a great influence on nursing students in choosing nursing profession as
their career. An urgent need is seen in the area of educating nursing students
regarding patient's rights. There is also a need to improve the image of nurses
in the society to attract a greater number of students into this noble
profession. Counselling and introduction to nursing course should be introduced
by all the universities, to develop positive attitudes towards nursing
profession
4.2 Section 2:
Overall,
the present study reveals that the attitude of the Basic BSc Nursing 2nd
semester regarding the job preference and attitude level among nursing students
shows that 48% students have unfavorable attitude and 26% students have both moderately
favorable and Favorable attitude. Similarly, Liu Tong Tong et.al was conducted a discrete choice
experiment (DCE) to assess job preferences of the final year undergraduate
nursing students from four medical universities/colleges in Shandong Province,
China. Their study confirmed that economic and non-economic factors both
affected the job choices of the students. These results may be more effective
for policymakers to perfect the employment policies and design strategies to
attract more nursing students taking jobs in rural areas
5. Conclusion
Nursing education plays an important role in forming Nursing
student's perceptions of the profession. Nursing professional status needs to
be improved by educating the community. Pre- Nursing counselling and
introduction to nursing course should be introduced by all the universities, to
develop positive attitudes towards Nursing profession.
Human rights education should be included in curriculum and job opportunities
with better payment may help to attract the younger generation to choose
Nursing as their career.
6.
References
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Nursing Shortage in India with special reference to international migration of
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S-Nursing Students Perception towards profession and future intentions,
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et al. Comparative study on prepation toward Nursing profession and future life
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Ramachandra, konduru R, Math SB. A Study to assess attitudes and perception of
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Tongtong. Job preferences of undergraduate nursing students in eastern China: a
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